NOM
shadow - shadowed password file
shadow est un fichier qui contient les informations cachées concernant
les mots de passe des utilisateurs et leurs dates de validité.
Ce fichier ne doit pas être accessible en lecture par les utilisateurs
normaux afin de maintenir la sécurité des mots de passe, en
particuliers pour prévenir les attaques par dictionnaires.
Each line of this file contains 9 fields, separated by colons (« : »),
in the following order:
nom de connexion de lutilisateur (« login »)
It must be a valid account name, which exist on the system.
mot de passe chiffré
Consultez crypt(3) pour plus dinformations sur le traitement de
cette chaîne.
Si le champ du mot de passe contient une chaîne qui ne peut pas
être un résultat valable de crypt(3), par exemple si elle contient
les caractères ! ou *, alors lutilisateur ne pourra pas utiliser
son mot de passe UNIX pour se connecter (mais il se peut que
lutilisateur puisse se connecter au système par dautres moyens).
This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to
authenticate as the specified login name. However, some
applications which read the /etc/shadow file may decide not to
permit any access at all if the password field is empty.
A password field which starts with a exclamation mark means that
the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line
represent the password field before the password was locked.
date du dernier changement de mot de passe
The date of the last password change, expressed as the number of
days since Jan 1, 1970.
The value 0 has a special meaning, which is that the user should
change her pasword the next time she will log in the system.
An empty field means that password aging features are disabled.
age minimum du mot de passe
The minimum password age is the number of days the user will have
to wait before she will be allowed to change her password again.
An empty field and value 0 mean that there are no minimum password
age.
age maximum du mot de passe
The maximum password age is the number of days after which the user
will have to change her password.
After this number of days is elapsed, the password may still be
valid. The user should be asked to change her password the next
time she will log in.
An empty field means that there are no maximum password age, no
password warning period, and no password inactivity period (see
below).
If the maximum password age is lower than the minimum password age,
the user cannot change her password.
password warning period
The number of days before a password is going to expire (see the
maximum password age above) during which the user should be warned.
An empty field and value 0 mean that there are no password warning
period.
password inactivity period
The number of days after a password has expired (see the maximum
password age above) during which the password should still be
accepted (and the user should update her password during the next
login).
After expiration of the password and this expiration period is
elapsed, no login is possible using the current users password. The
user should contact her administrator.
An empty field means that there are no enforcement of an inactivity
period.
date de fin de validité du compte
The date of expiration of the account, expressed as the number of
days since Jan 1, 1970.
Note that an account expiration differs from a password expiration.
In case of an acount expiration, the user shall not be allowed to
login. In case of a password expiration, the user is not allowed to
login using her password.
An empty field means that the account will never expire.
The value 0 should not be used as it is interpreted as either an
account with no expiration, or as an expiration on Jan 1, 1970.
champ réservé
Ce champ est réservé pour une utilisation future.
FICHIERS
/etc/passwd
Informations sur les comptes des utilisateurs.
/etc/shadow
Informations sécurisées sur les comptes utilisateurs.
/etc/shadow-
Backup file for /etc/shadow.
Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite,
but not by all user and password management tools.
VOIR AUSSI
chage(1), login(1), passwd(1), passwd(5), pwck(8), pwconv(8),
pwunconv(8), su(1), sulogin(8).